"Kłodzko Land (German: Glatzer Land, Polish: ziemia kłodzka) is a historical region (ziemia) in southwestern Poland. Geographically speaking Kłodzko Land consists of the Kłodzko Valley and the surrounding Sudetes mountains. It is named after its capital city, Kłodzko.
Historically,
the area may have been part of Great Moravia under King Svatopluk I by the late
9th century, though the extension of his realm is disputed. According to the
1191 Chronica Boëmorum by Cosmas of Prague, the castle of Kłodzko at the road
from Prague to Wrocław in 981 was a possession of the Bohemian nobleman
Slavník.
During the
rivalry between the Přemyslid dukes Boleslaus III and Jaromir in 1003, the
Polish king Bolesław I Chrobry invaded Bohemia, but had to pull back the next
year, facing the forces of King Henry II of Germany. In turn the Bohemian duke
Bretislaus I campaigned the adjacent northern territory of Silesia after
Bolesław's death in 1025. An armistice mediated by Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
since 1014, demarcated the spheres of influence, leaving Kłodzko with Bohemia.
When about
1080 the Polish Piast duke Władysław I Herman married Judith Přemyslovna,
daughter of Duke Vratislaus II of Bohemia, he received Kłodzko as a Bohemian
fief, which upon his death in 1102 was claimed by his son Duke Bolesław III
Wrymouth of Poland. However as Bolesław entangled into a fierce inheritance
conflict with Duke Svatopluk of Bohemia and his cousin Borivoj II and
campaigned the Bohemian lands several times, he finally had to renounce Kłodzko
in favour of Duke Sobeslaus I of Bohemia by a peace treaty signed in 1137 under
pressure of Emperor Lothair III.
Under
Bohemian rule Kłodzko in 1458 became a county (Grafschaft Glatz), which in 1742
was conquered by Prussia. In 1816 the county was abolished, and the territory
was reformed into the Landkreis Glatz of Prussian Silesia, which fell to Poland
in 1945. The area today forms the Kłodzko County of the Lower Silesian
Voivodeship." In: Wikipedia
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